VoiceXML
 
发布时间：2008-08-13 来源：翻译中国 发布者：上海翻译公司


计算机中英文对照专业时文
VoiceXML
Designing a speech application includes presenting data for delivery over the phone, constructing a call flow and enabling prompts and grammars. VoiceXML provides a common set of rules as a flexible foundation, but it’s up to the designer to create the appropriate flow and personality for a speech system.

Just as HTML content is interpreted by a browser and presented visually over the Web, so must VoiceXML be understood or interpreted for presentation over the telephone by a speech, or voice, browser. The speech browser serves as a gateway between a call and an Internet connection. It interprets VoiceXML code and manages dialog between callers and VoiceXML content located at a Web site.

Speech browser software also maintains the calls, presents voice prompts that equate to URLs and downloads pages for audio interaction.

A VoiceXML-based application using a speech browser provides flexibility, benefiting callers and content providers alike. A caller could use a rotary telephone or the newest wireless model and receive the same service. Content providers have a choice of locating a speech browser at their facilities or outsourcing to an application service provider, carrier or service bureau. As with current visual Web models, trade-offs have to be weighed between ease of implementation, flexibility, cost and other factors.

Today, companies are building businesses on speech-based Web content by providing telephony access and presentation of data in interactive audio formats. These businesses host speech applications to provide greater scalability, maintenance and support, while letting content providers focus on their core business.

A number of obvious and subtle factors are converging to bring the Web model of VoiceXML to prominence. Many consider the broad industry support of VoiceXML its most apparent strength. Other factors such as recent improvements in text-to-speech quality mean information can be immediately presented in audio format without the time and expense of recording a voice. Looking at the evolution of the Web, it’s clear the adoption of a common format for content presentation——HTML——fueled the growth of the Web. The VoiceXML standard holds similar promise for speech.

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设计语音应用程序包含了通过电话提交的数据表达、呼叫流程的建立以及提示和语法的实施。VoiceXML提供一个公共的规则集，作为灵活性的基础，但是建立恰当的语音系统的流程和个性取决于设计者。

正如HTML的内容由浏览器解释并在Web网站上用可视的方式表达出来一样，VoiceXML也必须能由语音或声音浏览器理解或解释，以通过电话表达。语音浏览器起到了在呼叫和因特网连接之间的网关的作用。它解释VoiceXML的代码和管理呼叫者与某个网站上VoiceXML内容之间的对话。

语音浏览器软件也维护呼叫，表达相当于URL的语音提示和为音频交互下载网页。

利用语音浏览器，基于VoiceXML的应用程序提供了灵活性，有利于呼叫者和内容提供商双方。呼叫者可以老式的转盘拨号电话机或者最新的无线电话机，获得同样的服务。内容提供商可以选择将语音浏览器放在自己的设备上，或者外包给应用服务供应商（ASP）、电信运营商或服务公司。对于目前的可视Web模型，必须在易于实施、灵活性、成本和其他因素之间进行折衷考虑。

今天，不少公司正在将业务建立在基于语音的网站内容上，提供电话访问和提供以交互的音频格式的数据表达。这些业务包括了语音应用程序后，提供了更大的伸缩性、更便于维护和支持，同时让内容提供商专心做其核心业务。

很多显而易见的细微因素组合在一起，使VoiceXML网站模型浮出水面。很多人将业界对VoiceXML的广泛支持当做它最明显的优势。其他一些因素，如最近文本向语音转换的质量提高，意味着信息能马上以音频格式表达，没有了录音的开销和时间。回顾一下网站的发展，很清楚，正是采用了通用的内容表达方式——HTML，促进了网站的发展。VoiceXML标准有望为语音提供同样的前景。
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